{"id":101,"date":"2022-07-20T12:36:19","date_gmt":"2022-07-20T12:36:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/?page_id=101"},"modified":"2024-08-19T06:09:14","modified_gmt":"2024-08-19T06:09:14","slug":"sylaby-a-plany-lekci","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/?page_id=101","title":{"rendered":"Sylaby a pl\u00e1ny lekc\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"101\" class=\"elementor elementor-101\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ca74a0a elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-stretched elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"ca74a0a\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;stretch_section&quot;:&quot;section-stretched&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-616127b\" data-id=\"616127b\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8c640f6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8c640f6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.23.0 - 05-08-2024 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#69727d;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#69727d;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<p>Vyberte si oblast a z\u00edskejte k&nbsp;n\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpravy sylab\u016f a jednotliv\u00fdch hodin:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Syntax<\/li>\n<li>Morfologie<\/li>\n<li>V\u00fdvoj jazyka a slovotvorba<\/li>\n<li>Pr\u00e1ce s textem<\/li>\n<li>\u010cten\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 d\u00edlny<\/li>\n<li>Psan\u00ed<\/li>\n<li>Literatura<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Ka\u017ed\u00e1 oblast je uvedena kr\u00e1tk\u00fdm odstavcem o tom, jak se orientovat ve slo\u017ek\u00e1ch s&nbsp;p\u0159\u00edpravami a z&nbsp;\u010deho jsem p\u0159i dlouhodob\u011bj\u0161\u00edm pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed vych\u00e1zel.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-81af485\" data-id=\"81af485\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2f8796a elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"2f8796a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.23.0 - 05-08-2024 *\/\n.elementor-widget-image{text-align:center}.elementor-widget-image a{display:inline-block}.elementor-widget-image a img[src$=\".svg\"]{width:48px}.elementor-widget-image img{vertical-align:middle;display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"950\" height=\"713\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/logo-1-1024x768.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-69\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/logo-1-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/logo-1-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/logo-1-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/logo-1-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/logo-1-2048x1536.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/logo-1-2000x1500.jpg 2000w\" sizes=\"100vw\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-38eb06b elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-stretched elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"38eb06b\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;stretch_section&quot;:&quot;section-stretched&quot;,&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-ff29aff\" data-id=\"ff29aff\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d47cf5c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d47cf5c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h1>Syntax<\/h1><p>Nejevidentn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed c\u00edl v\u00fduky syntaxe je syntaktick\u00fd pravopis: psan\u00ed \u010d\u00e1rek a shoda podm\u011btu s p\u0159\u00edsudkem. V\u00fduka syntaxe ale obsahuje dal\u0161\u00ed benefity: d\u00edky tomu, \u017ee d\u011bti um\u00ed v\u011btn\u00e9 \u010dleny, se snadn\u011bji u\u010d\u00ed jazyky; znalost vedlej\u0161\u00edch v\u011bt jim pom\u00e1h\u00e1 s porozum\u011bn\u00edm textu a psan\u00edm.<\/p><p>Na\u0161e u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed jazyka odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed to, jak o sv\u011bt\u011b uva\u017eujeme. V\u011btn\u00e9 \u010dleny nap\u0159\u00edklad odr\u00e1\u017eej\u00ed to, jak p\u0159i vn\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed sv\u011bta zam\u011b\u0159ujeme pozornost. Abych mohl d\u00e1t d\u011btem tuto skute\u010dnost za\u017e\u00edt, za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1m v\u00fduku syntaxe v\u017edy ne-explicitn\u00ed, z\u00e1\u017eitkovou hodinou. Po n\u00ed n\u00e1sleduj\u00ed lekce, kter\u00e9 kop\u00edruj\u00ed sch\u016fdky obsa\u017een\u00e9 v\u00a0my\u0161lenkov\u00e9 map\u011b n\u00ed\u017ee. Ta je rovn\u011b\u017e sylabem k\u00a0moj\u00ed v\u00fduce syntaxe, jej\u00edm\u017e c\u00edlem je, \u017ee d\u011bti dok\u00e1\u017e\u00ed ps\u00e1t spr\u00e1vn\u011b \u010d\u00e1rky ve v\u011bt\u011b.<\/p><p>Jednotliv\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edpravy jsou ve slo\u017ek\u00e1ch se\u0159azeny postupn\u011b podle t\u00e9to my\u0161lenkov\u00e9 mapy. Ka\u017ed\u00e1 hodina je strukturov\u00e1na tak, jak popisuji ve <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/?page_id=2\">v\u00fdchodisc\u00edch explicitn\u00ed v\u00fduky<\/a>. Explicitn\u00ed hodiny syntaxe jsem p\u016fvodn\u011b vytv\u00e1\u0159el pro online prost\u0159ed\u00ed. N\u011bkter\u00e9 z p\u0159\u00edprav jsou tedy ve slo\u017ece st\u00e1le je\u0161t\u011b nahran\u00e9 pro distan\u010dn\u00ed vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed, nicm\u00e9n\u011b postupn\u011b ka\u017edou z nich p\u0159episuji do offline podoby. Online hodiny se daj\u00ed na prezen\u010dn\u00ed formu p\u0159ev\u00e9st jednodu\u0161e t\u00edm, \u017ee se Mentimeter a psan\u00ed do chatu nahrad\u00ed ukazov\u00e1n\u00edm na prstech nebo psan\u00edm na mazac\u00ed tabulky. Jednotliv\u00e9 lekce jsou \u010d\u00edslovan\u00e9, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e dokumenty se stejn\u00fdm \u010d\u00edslem, jako je \u010d\u00edslo lekce, jsou pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly (pracovn\u00ed listy apod.).<\/p><p><a href=\"https:\/\/drive.google.com\/drive\/folders\/1mgg5gl_Aagjh7qkF-ElOL_VkCMfUCzVf?usp=sharing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Chci k p\u0159\u00edprav\u00e1m!<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-70790c6 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-stretched elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"70790c6\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;stretch_section&quot;:&quot;section-stretched&quot;,&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2266991\" data-id=\"2266991\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9ec07c6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"9ec07c6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"950\" height=\"389\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/syntax-1024x419.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-209\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/syntax-1024x419.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/syntax-300x123.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/syntax-768x314.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/syntax-1536x628.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/syntax.jpg 1836w\" sizes=\"100vw\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-110c3ee elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-stretched elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"110c3ee\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;stretch_section&quot;:&quot;section-stretched&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8045a0e\" data-id=\"8045a0e\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-09b72e3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"09b72e3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h1>Morfologie<\/h1><p>C\u00edlem morfologie je v prvn\u00ed \u0159ad\u011b nau\u010dit morfologick\u00fd pravopis a spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 tvary slov (v RVP jde o v\u00fdstupy \u010cJL-9-2-04 a \u010cJL-9-2-07). N\u011bkter\u00e9 c\u00edle v my\u0161lenkov\u00e9 map\u011b n\u00ed\u017ee nevedou k tomuto c\u00edli, ale d\u00e1v\u00e1m je do sylabu proto, \u017ee je po\u017eaduje CERMAT k p\u0159ij\u00edmac\u00edm zkou\u0161k\u00e1m na st\u0159edn\u00ed \u0161koly. Jde nap\u0159\u00edklad o u\u010divo, jako je slovesn\u00fd vid, druhy z\u00e1jmen apod. V syst\u00e9mu \u0161koly, kde u\u010d\u00edm, je tato l\u00e1tka n\u00e1pln\u00ed voliteln\u00fdch lekc\u00ed pro ty, kdo d\u011blaj\u00ed testy od CERMATU.<\/p><p>My\u0161lenkov\u00e1 mapa n\u00ed\u017ee je m\u00fdm sylabem k\u00a0cel\u00e9mu tvaroslov\u00ed. Jednotliv\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edpravy jsou ve slo\u017ek\u00e1ch se\u0159azeny postupn\u011b podle t\u00e9to my\u0161lenkov\u00e9 mapy. Ka\u017ed\u00e1 hodina je strukturov\u00e1na tak, jak popisuji ve <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/?page_id=2\">v\u00fdchodisc\u00edch explicitn\u00ed v\u00fduky<\/a>. Jednotliv\u00e9 lekce jsou \u010d\u00edslovan\u00e9, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e dokumenty se stejn\u00fdm \u010d\u00edslem, jako je \u010d\u00edslo lekce, jsou pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly (pracovn\u00ed listy apod.).<\/p><p><a href=\"https:\/\/drive.google.com\/drive\/folders\/15rYDWUfWhbJHtoW1Mf1Ti-zMrnMobFQo?usp=sharing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Chci k p\u0159\u00edprav\u00e1m!<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-8f6c722 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-stretched elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"8f6c722\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;stretch_section&quot;:&quot;section-stretched&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-0276930\" data-id=\"0276930\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-50a19c8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"50a19c8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"950\" height=\"389\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/tvaroslovi-1024x419.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-237\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/tvaroslovi-1024x419.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/tvaroslovi-300x123.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/tvaroslovi-768x314.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/tvaroslovi.jpg 1459w\" sizes=\"100vw\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7459980 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-stretched elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"7459980\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;stretch_section&quot;:&quot;section-stretched&quot;,&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-0bc8a0f\" data-id=\"0bc8a0f\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0dff5ce elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0dff5ce\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h1>V\u00fdvoj jazyka a slovotvorba<\/h1><p><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; font-weight: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-weight );\">P\u0159i pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed sekvence hodin nab\u00edz\u00ed toto t\u00e9ma propojen\u00ed pravidel pravopisu, kter\u00e1 si d\u011bti mus\u00ed zapamatovat a osvojit, s\u00a0pochopen\u00edm toho, jak se jazyk vyv\u00edjel a jak funguje. Proto tato slo\u017eka za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 nejprve hodinami na v\u00fdvoj a stratifikaci \u010de\u0161tiny obsa\u017een\u00fdch v podslo\u017ece &#8222;Pou\u010den\u00ed o \u010de\u0161tin\u011b&#8220;. N\u00e1sleduj\u00ed hodiny v\u011bnuj\u00edc\u00ed se rozboru slova na\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; font-weight: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-weight );\">p\u0159edponu,\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; font-weight: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-weight );\">ko\u0159en, p\u0159\u00edponu a koncovku, ze kter\u00fdch je odvozen slovotvorn\u00fd pravopis. Posledn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st je lexikologick\u00e1 a nach\u00e1z\u00ed se v podslo\u017ece &#8222;Slovo&#8220;. C\u00edle jednotliv\u00fdch hodin shrnuje my\u0161lenkov\u00e1 mapa n\u00ed\u017ee a v<\/span><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; font-weight: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-weight );\">\u00a0RVP jde o v\u00fdstupy \u010cJL-9-2-02, \u010cJL-9-2-03, \u010cJL-9-2-07, \u010cJL-9-2-08.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; font-weight: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-weight );\">Na druh\u00e9m stupni je tato l\u00e1tka opakov\u00e1n\u00edm a pov\u011bt\u0161inou se jedn\u00e1 o jevy, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed \u017e\u00e1ci za\u017eit\u00e9 z prvn\u00edho stupn\u011b. Z toho d\u016fvodu zde t\u00e9ma prohlubuji a na znalostn\u00ed hodiny navazuji komplexn\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi c\u00edli sm\u011b\u0159uj\u00edc\u00edmi k vyu\u017eit\u00ed z\u00e1kladn\u00edch lexikologick\u00fdch znalost\u00ed k rozpozn\u00e1n\u00ed manipulativn\u00ed komunikace. V n\u00ed auto\u0159i \u010dasto pracuj\u00ed s p\u0159enesen\u00fdm pojmenov\u00e1n\u00edm, citov\u011b zabarven\u00fdmi slovy nebo konotacemi, aby ve \u010dten\u00e1\u0159i vyvolali ur\u010ditou emoci. Vzhledem k tomu, jak je t\u00e9ma prom\u011bnliv\u00e9, zde hotov\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edpravy nenab\u00edz\u00edm. Pov\u011bt\u0161inou v hodin\u00e1ch pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1m metodu FASE Reading popsanou n\u00ed\u017ee (viz Pr\u00e1ce s textem) a v ot\u00e1zk\u00e1ch ov\u011b\u0159uj\u00edc\u00edch pochopen\u00ed m\u00ed\u0159\u00edm na prob\u00edran\u00e9 lexikologick\u00e9 jevy, jako jsou konotace konkr\u00e9tn\u00edch slov. \u017d\u00e1ci si t\u00edm jevy d\u00e1le ukotv\u00ed a z\u00e1rove\u0148\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; font-weight: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-weight );\">mohou\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; font-weight: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-weight );\">jejich znalost prakticky aplikovat.<\/span><\/p><p>S\u00a0v\u00fdjimkou hodin o v\u00fdvoji a stratifikaci jazyka, kde se op\u00edr\u00e1m o Willinghamovy poznatky o dopadu storytellingu na u\u010den\u00ed, je ka\u017ed\u00e1 hodina strukturov\u00e1na tak, jak popisuji ve v\u00fdchodisc\u00edch explicitn\u00ed v\u00fduky. Jednotliv\u00e9 lekce jsou \u010d\u00edslovan\u00e9, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e dokumenty se stejn\u00fdm \u010d\u00edslem, jako je \u010d\u00edslo lekce, jsou pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly (pracovn\u00ed listy apod.).<\/p><p><a href=\"https:\/\/drive.google.com\/drive\/folders\/1c3L9NQmhZjRREIHwS4aeQtFFy2g7sxMp?usp=sharing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Chci k p\u0159\u00edprav\u00e1m!<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c868757 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-stretched elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c868757\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;stretch_section&quot;:&quot;section-stretched&quot;,&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-516a60e\" data-id=\"516a60e\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f955aac elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"f955aac\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"950\" height=\"319\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Slovo_a_slovotvorba_mindmap-1024x344.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-376\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Slovo_a_slovotvorba_mindmap-1024x344.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Slovo_a_slovotvorba_mindmap-300x101.png 300w, https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Slovo_a_slovotvorba_mindmap-768x258.png 768w, https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Slovo_a_slovotvorba_mindmap-1536x516.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Slovo_a_slovotvorba_mindmap-2048x688.png 2048w, https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Slovo_a_slovotvorba_mindmap-2000x671.png 2000w, https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Slovo_a_slovotvorba_mindmap-950x320.png 950w, https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Slovo_a_slovotvorba_mindmap-1900x640.png 1900w\" sizes=\"100vw\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-cc3f9bc elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-stretched elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"cc3f9bc\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;stretch_section&quot;:&quot;section-stretched&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-73daad3\" data-id=\"73daad3\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f3809e9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f3809e9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h1>Pr\u00e1ce s textem<\/h1><p>P\u0159i pr\u00e1ci s\u00a0textem pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1m jako z\u00e1kladn\u00ed metodu postup, kter\u00fd Doug Lemov a auto\u0159i okolo Uncommon Schools naz\u00fdvaj\u00ed FASE Reading (Fluency-Accountability-Social-Expressive) nebo d\u0159\u00edve Control the Game. P\u016fvodn\u00ed techniku jsem v\u00fdrazn\u011b upravil (p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm po n\u00e1sle\u0161\u00edch u Pavla Bobka), zachoval jsem ov\u0161em j\u00e1dro p\u0159\u00edstupu popsan\u00e9 v\u00a0knize <em>Reading Reconsidered<\/em>, kter\u00e9 vych\u00e1z\u00ed z\u00a0p\u0159edpokladu, \u017ee <strong>\u010dten\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e1 gramotnost z\u00e1vis\u00ed na dovednosti plynul\u00e9ho hlasit\u00e9ho \u010dten\u00ed a znalosti slovn\u00ed z\u00e1soby<\/strong>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5a4b9af elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-stretched elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"5a4b9af\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;stretch_section&quot;:&quot;section-stretched&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8d933c0\" data-id=\"8d933c0\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ee9300f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ee9300f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Ve shod\u011b s\u00a0principy explicitn\u00ed v\u00fduky m\u00e1 i zde ka\u017ed\u00e1 hodina stejnou strukturu a je zalo\u017een\u00e1 na tom, \u017ee \u017e\u00e1ci postupuj\u00ed od leh\u010d\u00edch \u00fakol\u016f ke slo\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edm, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e u\u010ditel ov\u011b\u0159uje, \u017ee jsou p\u0159ipraveni dal\u0161\u00ed krok zvl\u00e1dnout. P\u0159ed prac\u00ed s\u00a0textem se \u017e\u00e1ci u\u010d\u00ed slova, kter\u00e1 by jim mohla d\u011blat probl\u00e9m, \u010d\u00edm\u017e si z\u00e1rove\u0148 roz\u0161i\u0159uj\u00ed slovn\u00ed z\u00e1sobu. \u010cten\u00ed prob\u00edh\u00e1 po krat\u0161\u00edch \u00fasec\u00edch (zpravidla okolo jednoho odstavce) a po ka\u017ed\u00e9m \u00faseku ov\u011b\u0159uji pochopen\u00ed. Teprve s\u00a0ukotven\u00fdm porozum\u011bn\u00edm n\u00e1sleduj\u00ed ot\u00e1zky sm\u011b\u0159uj\u00edc\u00ed k\u00a0interpretaci nebo dal\u0161\u00ed pr\u00e1ci s\u00a0textem. Jednotliv\u00e9 opakuj\u00edc\u00ed se f\u00e1ze, kter\u00e9 lze rozli\u0161it na slidech, jsou tyto:<\/p><ul><li>Ka\u017ed\u00e1 hodina za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 aktivitou <b>DO NOW<\/b>, kterou <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/?p=359\">popisuji na blogu<\/a>. Ot\u00e1zky jsou na slidu rozd\u011bleny do \u010dty\u0159 kvadrant\u016f. P\u0159i p\u0159\u00edchodu do hodiny je tento slide na tabuli a \u017e\u00e1ci ho se za\u010d\u00e1tkem hodiny vypl\u0148uj\u00ed na mazac\u00ed tabulky.<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c176502\" data-id=\"c176502\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4305f2d elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"4305f2d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"950\" height=\"715\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/IMG_2015-1024x771.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-260\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/IMG_2015-1024x771.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/IMG_2015-300x226.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/IMG_2015-768x578.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/IMG_2015-1536x1156.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/IMG_2015-2048x1541.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/IMG_2015-2000x1505.jpg 2000w\" sizes=\"100vw\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-0bd4a0d elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-stretched elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"0bd4a0d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;stretch_section&quot;:&quot;section-stretched&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f9122d3\" data-id=\"f9122d3\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f8efc8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f8efc8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li>N\u00e1sleduje <strong>P\u0158EDU\u010cEN\u00cd SLOV\u00cd\u010cEK<\/strong>, kde vyb\u00edr\u00e1m potenci\u00e1ln\u011b nezn\u00e1m\u00e1 slova. \u017d\u00e1ci si do se\u0161it\u016f nap\u00ed\u0161\u00ed slova, kter\u00fdm nerozum\u00ed nebo u kter\u00fdch si v\u00fdznamem nejsou jist\u00ed. S pomoc\u00ed animac\u00ed d\u00e1v\u00e1m \u017e\u00e1k\u016fm definice a \u017e\u00e1ci si je zapisuj\u00ed. Na dal\u0161\u00edm slidu jsou pak ji\u017e pouze definice. Ukazov\u00e1tkem ukazuji v n\u00e1hodn\u00e9m po\u0159ad\u00ed na ka\u017edou z nich a \u017e\u00e1ci sborovou odpov\u011bd\u00ed opakuj\u00ed slovo, ke kter\u00e9mu definice pat\u0159\u00ed. Probran\u00e1 slova se pak opakuj\u00ed v budouc\u00edch DO NOW nebo p\u0159i jin\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitostech, aby se co nejv\u00edc ukotvila.<\/li><li><strong>\u010cTEN\u00cd<\/strong>, kter\u00e9 n\u00e1sleduje, prob\u00edh\u00e1 nahlas. \u017d\u00e1k, kter\u00fd \u010dte, vkl\u00e1d\u00e1 do p\u0159ednesu s\u00edlu a emoci, kterou dan\u00fd text vy\u017eaduje. Ostatn\u00ed \u017e\u00e1ci sleduj\u00ed o\u010dima nebo tu\u017ekou m\u00edsto, kde se pr\u00e1v\u011b \u010dte. \u017d\u00e1ky ke \u010dten\u00ed n\u00e1hodn\u011b vyvol\u00e1v\u00e1m a st\u0159\u00edd\u00e1m je v kr\u00e1tk\u00e9m sledu po cca 3-4 v\u011bt\u00e1ch. C\u00edlem je, aby se za hodinu prost\u0159\u00eddalo co nejv\u00edc d\u011bt\u00ed a aby se p\u0159i p\u0159ednesu soust\u0159edily na jeho kvalitu, ani\u017e by je musela stresovat d\u00e9lka. R\u016fzn\u00e9 d\u00e9lky \u010dten\u00ed tak\u00e9 umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed slab\u0161\u00ed \u017e\u00e1ky \u201evysvobodit\u201c po krat\u0161\u00ed dob\u011b, ani\u017e by to bylo n\u00e1padn\u00e9.<\/li><li>Po ur\u010dit\u00e9 pas\u00e1\u017ei, kter\u00e1 nekoresponduje se zm\u011bnou p\u0159ed\u010d\u00edtaj\u00edc\u00edho, \u017e\u00e1ci <strong>ODPOV\u00cdDAJ\u00cd NA OT\u00c1ZKY<\/strong> ze slid\u016f. Pas\u00e1\u017ee, kde se \u010dten\u00ed p\u0159eru\u0161uje a odpov\u00edd\u00e1 se na ot\u00e1zky, jsou ve slo\u017ek\u00e1ch s p\u0159\u00edpravami v pdf ozna\u010den\u00e9 h\u00e1\u010dkem dole. Ot\u00e1zky jsou i s instrukcemi pro \u017e\u00e1ky na slidech a odpov\u011bdi lze zobrazit pomoc\u00ed animac\u00ed. Z\u00e1sadn\u00ed jsou ot\u00e1zky ov\u011b\u0159uj\u00edc\u00ed pochopen\u00ed, tak\u017ee ka\u017ed\u00fd zn\u00e1 obsah textu. Teprve po tomto uji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed interpreta\u010dn\u00ed ot\u00e1zka, kter\u00e1 m\u016f\u017ee p\u0159er\u016fst v diskuzi. Kdy\u017e \u017e\u00e1ci odpov\u011b\u010f uk\u00e1\u017e\u00ed (na prstech nebo na tabulk\u00e1ch), n\u00e1hodn\u011b vyvol\u00e1v\u00e1m \u017e\u00e1ky, aby identifikovali m\u00edsto v textu, kter\u00e9 potvrzuje spr\u00e1vnost jejich odpov\u011bdi.<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-81c5d59 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-stretched elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"81c5d59\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;stretch_section&quot;:&quot;section-stretched&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1c693fe\" data-id=\"1c693fe\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e19e88f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e19e88f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Postup jsem vyu\u017e\u00edval k\u00a0v\u00fduce literatury, kdy jsem pomoc\u00ed ot\u00e1zek zam\u011b\u0159oval pozornost \u017e\u00e1k\u016f na podstatn\u00e9 charakteristiky dan\u00e9ho obdob\u00ed. V\u00a0tom p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b n\u00e1sleduje je\u0161t\u011b mal\u00e1 p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ka se shrnut\u00fdmi pozn\u00e1mkami na z\u00e1v\u011bre\u010dn\u00e9m slidu, kter\u00e9 si ka\u017ed\u00fd opisuje do se\u0161itu, a ve slo\u017ek\u00e1ch jsou tyto hodiny roz\u0159azen\u00e9 po historick\u00fdch obdob\u00edch. Jindy jsme spole\u010dn\u011b \u010detli celou knihu, jej\u00ed n\u00e1zev je tedy u slo\u017eky uveden. Hodiny jsou d\u00e1le poskl\u00e1d\u00e1ny tak, jak \u0161ly za sebou.<\/p><p><a href=\"https:\/\/drive.google.com\/drive\/folders\/1LApl7GprMxm0HWuf5b8wr5Uj-PWur2us?usp=sharing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Chci k p\u0159\u00edprav\u00e1m!<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-0890972\" data-id=\"0890972\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4f994f8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"4f994f8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"950\" height=\"604\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/VMFA-reader-1024x651.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-390\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/VMFA-reader-1024x651.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/VMFA-reader-300x191.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/VMFA-reader-768x488.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/VMFA-reader-1536x976.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/VMFA-reader-2048x1302.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/VMFA-reader-2000x1271.jpg 2000w\" sizes=\"100vw\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-07c185f elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-stretched elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"07c185f\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;stretch_section&quot;:&quot;section-stretched&quot;,&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2439a6e\" data-id=\"2439a6e\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-db3c0b7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"db3c0b7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h1>\u010cten\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 d\u00edlny<\/h1><p>D\u00edlny \u010dten\u00ed nejsou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed explicitn\u00ed praxe, nicm\u00e9n\u011b jejich za\u0159azen\u00edm do hodin \u010de\u0161tiny se na na\u0161\u00ed \u0161kole poda\u0159ilo zv\u00fd\u0161it \u010dten\u00e1\u0159skou gramotnost d\u011bt\u00ed a d\u011bti roze\u010d\u00edst. Po jejich za\u0159azen\u00ed n\u011bkter\u00e9 d\u011bti \u010detly i o p\u0159est\u00e1vk\u00e1ch a za\u010daly se mezi sebou bavit o tom, kdo co zrovna \u010dte.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-98ddd55 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-stretched elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"98ddd55\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;stretch_section&quot;:&quot;section-stretched&quot;,&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5c31274\" data-id=\"5c31274\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6496393 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6496393\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><b>Pro\u010d jsme se u n\u00e1s ve \u0161kole rozhodli \u010dten\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 d\u00edlny za\u0159adit?<\/b><\/p><ul><li>Daniel Willingham vyvozuje z kognitivn\u00edch v\u00fdzkum\u016f kl\u00ed\u010dovou roli \u010dten\u00ed pro u\u010den\u00ed a formuluje maximu: \u201eDo Whatever You Can to Get Kids to Read\u201c (Willingham 2009: 49)<\/li><li>inspirativn\u00ed kniha o \u010dten\u00ed <em>\u010cten\u00e1\u0159i, vra\u0165 se<\/em> od Maryanne Wolfov\u00e9<\/li><li>ve \u0161kol\u00e1ch na \u010dten\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161inou nen\u00ed \u010das a z v\u00fdzkum\u016f vypl\u00fdv\u00e1, \u017ee d\u011bti se \u201ez vlastn\u00ed v\u016fle [&#8230;] do \u010dten\u00ed nepust\u00ed\u201c (Steelov\u00e1 a kol. 2007: 9)<\/li><li>pokryt\u00ed \u0159ady v\u00fdstup\u016f RVP (\u010cJL-9-1-02, 04, 07, 08; \u010cJL-9-3-01, 02, 03, 05)<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1a2177b\" data-id=\"1a2177b\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e14edca elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"e14edca\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"950\" height=\"651\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/rubinova-knihovna-1024x702.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-388\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/rubinova-knihovna-1024x702.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/rubinova-knihovna-300x206.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/rubinova-knihovna-768x526.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/rubinova-knihovna-1536x1053.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/rubinova-knihovna-2048x1403.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/rubinova-knihovna-2000x1371.jpg 2000w\" sizes=\"100vw\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-2ea0141 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-stretched elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"2ea0141\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;stretch_section&quot;:&quot;section-stretched&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-cd86047\" data-id=\"cd86047\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e74aeb9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e74aeb9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Pr\u016fb\u011bh \u010dten\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdch d\u00edlen<\/strong><\/p><ul><li>d\u00edlny prob\u00edhaj\u00ed 2x t\u00fddn\u011b (viz doporu\u010den\u00ed Steelov\u00e1 a kol. 2007: 12)<\/li><li>u\u010ditel, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b dal\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00edtomn\u00fd dosp\u011bl\u00fd \u010dte spolu s\u00a0d\u011btmi a vypl\u0148uje sv\u016fj z\u00e1znam o \u010detb\u011b; p\u0159\u00edtomnost vzoru a modelov\u00e1n\u00ed hraj\u00ed p\u0159i rozv\u00edjen\u00ed \u010dten\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed v\u00fdznamnou roli (srov. v\u00fdzkumy citovan\u00e9 in Tr\u00e1vn\u00ed\u010dek 2020: 208 a 209)<\/li><li>ka\u017ed\u00e1 \u010dtec\u00ed d\u00edlna m\u00e1 zad\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e9 podporuje zam\u011b\u0159en\u00ed pozornosti: jednak to d\u011btem pom\u00e1h\u00e1 vyznat se ve str\u00e1nce pln\u00e9 p\u00edsmen, jednak je pozorn\u00e9 \u010dten\u00ed efektivn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed (srov. Wolfov\u00e1: 63)<\/li><li>sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed d\u00edlen je diskuze, kter\u00e1 m\u00e1 za c\u00edl podpo\u0159it soci\u00e1ln\u00ed interakce \u010dten\u00e1\u0159\u016f; ty jsou jedn\u00edm ze \u010dty\u0159 kl\u00ed\u010d\u016f \u00fasp\u011bchu p\u0159i podpo\u0159e \u010dten\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed, viz Co funguje ve t\u0159\u00edd\u011b s. 70\u00a0<\/li><li>d\u00edlny maj\u00ed v\u017edy stejnou strukturu, aby si ji d\u011bti zautomatizovaly<\/li><\/ul><p><b>Struktura \u010dten\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdch d\u00edlen <\/b><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-1f44130 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-stretched elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"1f44130\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;stretch_section&quot;:&quot;section-stretched&quot;,&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-25 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-adeab66\" data-id=\"adeab66\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-30915e6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"30915e6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Minilekce<\/p>\n<p>Kr\u00e1tk\u00e1 lekce od u\u010ditele, kter\u00e1 ur\u010d\u00ed, na co se bude zam\u011b\u0159ovat pozornost. Je to tak\u00e9 prostor pro doporu\u010den\u00ed knih.<\/p>\n<p>\u010cAS: 5 MINUT<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-25 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-01e08b6\" data-id=\"01e08b6\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f468bf2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f468bf2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Samostatn\u00e9 \u010dten\u00ed<\/p><p>\u010cas, kdy v\u0161ichni v\u010detn\u011b u\u010ditele \u010dtou. P\u0159i \u010dten\u00ed sm\u00ed b\u00fdt d\u011bti kdekoliv ve t\u0159\u00edd\u011b, kdy\u017e p\u0159i tom dodr\u017e\u00ed pravidla d\u00edlny.<\/p><p>\u010cAS: 15-20 MINUT<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-25 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c6ba64d\" data-id=\"c6ba64d\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1d97839 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1d97839\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Z\u00e1znam z \u010detby<\/p><p>V\u0161ichni v\u010detn\u011b u\u010ditele vypl\u0148uj\u00ed sv\u016fj z\u00e1znam , kter\u00fd slou\u017e\u00ed jako odrazov\u00fd m\u016fstek pro diskuzi.<\/p><p>\u010cAS: 10 MINUT<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-25 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2a74b3d\" data-id=\"2a74b3d\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a2b59b5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a2b59b5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Diskuze<\/p><p>\u017d\u00e1ci sd\u00edl\u00ed sv\u00e9 \u010dten\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 dojmy ve t\u0159\u00ed a\u017e \u010dty\u0159\u010dlenn\u00e9 skupince. C\u00edlem je ukotven\u00ed a socializace.<\/p><p>\u010cAS: 10 MINUT<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a7765c8 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-stretched elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a7765c8\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;stretch_section&quot;:&quot;section-stretched&quot;,&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2dbf989\" data-id=\"2dbf989\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-283632d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"283632d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Materi\u00e1l<\/strong><\/p><ul><li>d\u011bti mohou \u010d\u00edst libovoln\u00e9 knihy, tedy jak beletrii, tak literaturu faktu: mo\u017enost volby je pro rozvoj \u010dten\u00ed podstatn\u00fdm faktorem (srov. Steelov\u00e1 a kol. 2007: 9 + Hendrick, Macpherson 2019: 70)<\/li><li>b\u011bhem d\u00edlen \u010dtou d\u011bti v\u00a0\u010de\u0161tin\u011b a kniha mus\u00ed b\u00fdt fyzick\u00e1 (nikoliv na \u010dte\u010dce)<\/li><li>kniha je mezin\u00e1rodn\u011b definov\u00e1na jako \u201eneperiodick\u00e1 ti\u0161t\u011bn\u00e1 publikace o 49 a v\u00edce stran\u00e1ch, nepo\u010d\u00edtaj\u00edc v to stranu tituln\u00ed\u201c (citov\u00e1no podle Tr\u00e1vn\u00ed\u010dek 2020: 172)<\/li><li>pro roze\u010dten\u00ed je dobr\u00e9 \u010d\u00edst cokoliv (v\u010detn\u011b komiks\u016f), postupem \u010dasu je ov\u0161em \u017e\u00e1douc\u00ed podporovat d\u011bti, aby \u010detly knihy na jejich \u010dten\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 \u00farovni (srov. Willingham 2009: 49)<\/li><\/ul><p><strong>Z\u00e1znamy z \u010detby<\/strong><\/p><ul><li>jsou jednou za \u010dtvrtlet\u00ed peer hodnoceny na z\u00e1klad\u011b krit\u00e9ri\u00ed<\/li><li>jsou ps\u00e1ny rukou, aby se d\u011bti nau\u010dily vyj\u00e1d\u0159it pomalu svoje p\u0159em\u00fd\u0161len\u00ed (viz Wolfov\u00e1 2020: 180)<\/li><li>sv\u00e9 z\u00e1znamy si vede i u\u010ditel a sd\u00edl\u00ed je s\u00a0d\u011btmi<\/li><li>\u0161ablonu na z\u00e1znamy o \u010detb\u011b p\u0159ikl\u00e1d\u00e1m n\u00ed\u017ee a lze ji st\u00e1hnout ve slo\u017ece<\/li><\/ul><p><strong>Literatura ke \u010dten\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdm d\u00edln\u00e1m<\/strong><\/p><p>Hendrick, Carl, Macpherson, Carl (2019): <em>Co funguje ve t\u0159\u00edd\u011b: Most mezi v\u00fdzkumem a prax\u00ed <\/em>(Praha: Euromedia Group).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b9491e6\" data-id=\"b9491e6\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4108be8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"4108be8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"584\" height=\"826\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Vystrizek.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-262\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Vystrizek.jpg 584w, https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Vystrizek-212x300.jpg 212w\" sizes=\"100vw\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-2237bdc elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-stretched elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"2237bdc\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;stretch_section&quot;:&quot;section-stretched&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4c74033\" data-id=\"4c74033\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-776ba83 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"776ba83\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Steelov\u00e1, Meredith, Temple, Walter (2007): <em>D\u00edlna \u010dten\u00ed: Vychov\u00e1v\u00e1me p\u0159em\u00fd\u0161liv\u00e9 \u010dten\u00e1\u0159e<\/em> (Praha: Kritick\u00e9 my\u0161len\u00ed).<\/p><p>Tr\u00e1vn\u00ed\u010dek, Ji\u0159\u00ed (2020): <em>Kulturn\u00ed vet\u0159elec: D\u011bjiny \u010dten\u00ed \u2013 kalend\u00e1rium <\/em>(Brno: Host).<\/p><p>Willingham, Daniel (2009): <em>Why Don\u2019t Students Like School? A Cognitive Scientist Answers Questions about How the Mind Works and What It Means for the Classroom <\/em>(San Francisco: Jossey-Bass).<\/p><p>Wolfov\u00e1, Maryanne (2020): <em>\u010cten\u00e1\u0159i, vra\u0165 se: Mozek a \u010dten\u00ed v digit\u00e1ln\u00edm sv\u011bt<\/em> (Brno: Host).<\/p><p>Prvn\u00ed hodiny (lekce 01-04) ve slo\u017ece ukazuj\u00ed to, jak \u010dten\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 d\u00edlny rozjet. N\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpravy jsou p\u0159\u00edklady n\u011bkolika mo\u017en\u00fdch hodin s\u00a0r\u016fzn\u00fdmi zad\u00e1n\u00edmi. Jde o uk\u00e1zky, nikoliv ucelen\u00fd dlouhodob\u00fd pl\u00e1n (sekvenci hodin nazna\u010duj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpravy 5-10 v\u011bnuj\u00edc\u00ed se postav\u011b), proto\u017ee p\u0159i dlouhodob\u00e9m pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed je podstatn\u00e9, aby v \u00favodn\u00edch minilekc\u00edch u\u010ditel hovo\u0159il o t\u00e9matu, kter\u00e9 je mu bl\u00edzk\u00e9.<\/p><p><a href=\"https:\/\/drive.google.com\/drive\/folders\/1FmRWf5iKOSmFTxgAQG6J_nx6x7u6-muh?usp=sharing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Chci k p\u0159\u00edprav\u00e1m!<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-011a6f3 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-stretched elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"011a6f3\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;stretch_section&quot;:&quot;section-stretched&quot;,&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-cae5f11\" data-id=\"cae5f11\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f7381d2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"f7381d2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"542\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/zaznam-o-cetbe-768x542.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-263\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/zaznam-o-cetbe-768x542.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/zaznam-o-cetbe-300x212.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/zaznam-o-cetbe-1024x722.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/zaznam-o-cetbe.jpg 1175w\" sizes=\"100vw\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7cecc7f elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-stretched elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"7cecc7f\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;stretch_section&quot;:&quot;section-stretched&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-cd05a33\" data-id=\"cd05a33\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b3f7060 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b3f7060\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h1>Psan\u00ed<\/h1><p>Psan\u00ed je discipl\u00edna, kter\u00e1 se v\u011bt\u0161inou zad\u00e1. Napi\u0161 \u00favahu, napi\u0161 esej. M\u00e9n\u011b \u010dasto u\u017e se psan\u00ed vyu\u010duje. P\u0159itom jde o komplexn\u00ed dovednost, na kterou se i jako u\u010ditel\u00e9 \u010de\u0161tiny mus\u00edme mnohdy soust\u0159edit. Na\u0161i \u017e\u00e1ci se nenau\u010d\u00ed ps\u00e1t jen proto, \u017ee jim budeme po\u0159\u00e1d dokola zad\u00e1vat \u00fakoly na psan\u00ed. Jde o dovednost, kterou mus\u00edme explicitn\u011b a v\u011bdom\u011b u\u010dit a budovat, dokud se z\u00a0jednotliv\u00fdch kr\u016f\u010dk\u016f nestanou n\u00e1vyky.<\/p><p>My\u0161lenkov\u00e1 mapa n\u00ed\u017ee ukazuje, kolik znalost\u00ed a dovednost\u00ed mus\u00ed \u017e\u00e1k zvl\u00e1dnout k\u00a0tomu, aby psan\u00ed dok\u00e1zal ovl\u00e1dnout. Sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed mapy jsou jak v\u011bci technick\u00e9 (jak dob\u0159e vytvo\u0159it v\u011btu nebo jak argumentovat), tak procesn\u00ed (jak pl\u00e1novat a editovat sv\u016fj text). Pokud chceme, aby se na\u0161i \u017e\u00e1ci nau\u010dili ps\u00e1t, mus\u00edme je krok po kroku dov\u00e9st k\u00a0tomu, \u017ee se jednotliv\u00e1 chapadla my\u0161lenkov\u00e9 mapy stanou automatick\u00fdmi n\u00e1vyky.<\/p><p>Kniha <em>The Writing Revolution<\/em> Judith C. Hochmanov\u00e9 a Natalie Wexlerov\u00e9 d\u00e1v\u00e1 v\u00fdborn\u00fd n\u00e1vod, jak na to. Autorky ukazuj\u00ed, jak postupn\u011b rozv\u00edjet schopnost zkonstruovat slu\u0161nou v\u011btu, jak n\u00e1sledn\u011b p\u0159ej\u00edt k\u00a0odstavci a jak pak pomoci \u017e\u00e1k\u016fm napsat solidn\u00ed esej. Podstatnou premisou jejich pr\u00e1ce je to, \u017ee psan\u00ed nelze vyu\u010dovat bez u\u010debn\u00edho kontextu, a \u017ee by proto jeho v\u00fduka m\u011bla b\u00fdt obsahem v\u0161ech p\u0159edm\u011bt\u016f, tedy ne pouze \u010de\u0161tiny.<\/p><p>Z\u00a0toho d\u016fvodu slo\u017eka s\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpravami neobsahuje p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 mnoho konkr\u00e9tn\u00edch pl\u00e1n\u016f sekvenc\u00ed nebo lekc\u00ed. Cestou k\u00a0\u00fasp\u011bchu je sp\u00ed\u0161e vyu\u017e\u00edvat ur\u010dit\u00e9 postupy a metody v\u00a0hodin\u00e1ch nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d p\u0159edm\u011bty. N\u011bkolik n\u00e1m\u011bt\u016f k\u00a0tomu naleznete v\u00a0p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvku <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/?p=343\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Psan\u00ed krok po kroku<\/a> na blogu. Na stejn\u00e9m m\u00edst\u011b je tak\u00e9 detailn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed\u00a0koment\u00e1\u0159 k sekvenci\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/?p=322\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">o psan\u00ed recenz\u00ed<\/a>\u00a0a k sekvenci <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/?p=405\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">o psan\u00ed p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhu<\/a>.<\/p><p><a href=\"https:\/\/drive.google.com\/drive\/folders\/1AMw3ib8brOhtIfM99nwq1-wjuxF1_oR6?usp=sharing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Chci k p\u0159\u00edprav\u00e1m!<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-d49d2c9 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-stretched elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"d49d2c9\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;stretch_section&quot;:&quot;section-stretched&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2751d05\" data-id=\"2751d05\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-73da670 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"73da670\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"950\" height=\"635\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/writing_mind_map-1024x684.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-345\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/writing_mind_map-1024x684.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/writing_mind_map-300x200.png 300w, https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/writing_mind_map-768x513.png 768w, https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/writing_mind_map-1536x1026.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/writing_mind_map-2048x1368.png 2048w, https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/writing_mind_map-2000x1336.png 2000w\" sizes=\"100vw\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b9d238a elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-stretched elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"b9d238a\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;stretch_section&quot;:&quot;section-stretched&quot;,&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-9741100\" data-id=\"9741100\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0a7dec6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0a7dec6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h1>Literatura<\/h1><p>P\u0159i stavb\u011b koncepce v\u00fduky d\u011bjin literatury jsem vych\u00e1zel z\u00a0n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch dvou my\u0161lenek vytvo\u0159en\u00fdch na z\u00e1klad\u011b toho, jak Dylan Wiliam popisuje pr\u00e1ci s\u00a0velk\u00fdmi my\u0161lenkami (srov. Zav\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed formativn\u00edho hodnocen\u00ed, 3. kapitola):<\/p><ul><li>Narozen\u00edm do kultury se st\u00e1v\u00e1m jej\u00edm d\u011bdicem; je ve mn\u011b, odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed se ve mn\u011b; t\u00edm, \u017ee ji pozn\u00e1v\u00e1m, pozn\u00e1v\u00e1m s\u00e1m sebe.<\/li><li>Liter\u00e1rn\u00ed epochy odr\u00e1\u017eej\u00ed zp\u016fsob nahl\u00ed\u017een\u00ed sv\u011bta. Um\u011bn\u00ed je kultura, tvo\u0159\u00ed ji, tvo\u0159\u00ed to, co n\u00e1s d\u011bl\u00e1 Evropany.<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b9550f2 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-stretched elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"b9550f2\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;stretch_section&quot;:&quot;section-stretched&quot;,&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1080314\" data-id=\"1080314\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-69da9f9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"69da9f9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Proto\u017ee je pro m\u011b p\u0159i v\u00fduce literatury kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fd pro\u017eitek a sebepozn\u00e1n\u00ed, nekoncipuji hodiny literatury v\u017edy \u010dist\u011b explicitn\u011b. Stejn\u011b jako v&nbsp;explicitn\u011b stav\u011bn\u00fdch hodin\u00e1ch je pro m\u011b podstatn\u00e9 odrazit se od znalost\u00ed, ale prim\u00e1rn\u011b se zam\u011b\u0159uji na ur\u010dit\u00e9 okam\u017eiky, jako je to, aby si d\u011bti pro\u017eily nap\u0159\u00edklad \u0161ok z&nbsp;prom\u011bny sv\u011bta konce 20. stolet\u00ed nebo Achillovo v\u00e1h\u00e1n\u00ed. Toto propojen\u00ed textu s osobnost\u00ed \u017e\u00e1ka je prim\u00e1rn\u00edm stavebn\u00edm kamenem p\u0159\u00edprav&nbsp;ve slo\u017ece o antick\u00e9 literatu\u0159e. P\u016fdu pro takov\u00fd zp\u016fsob pr\u00e1ce s literaturou p\u0159ipravuj\u00ed hodiny o poezii a smyslu literatury nahran\u00e9 ve slo\u017ece &#8222;Pro\u010d je dobr\u00e9 studovat literaturu&#8220;.<\/p>\n<p>P\u0159i v\u00fduce literatury kombinuji tento p\u0159\u00edstup s metodami pr\u00e1ce s textem (viz v\u00fd\u0161e). K jin\u00fdm obdob\u00edm, ne\u017e je starov\u011bk, jsou ve slo\u017ece nahran\u00e9 v\u017edy dlouhodob\u011bj\u0161\u00ed sylaby, kter\u00e9 jsem organizoval na z\u00e1klad\u011b 1. kapitoly knihy <em>Responzivn\u00ed v\u00fduka<\/em>&nbsp;od Harryho Fletchera-Wooda (viz my\u0161lenkov\u00e1 mapa n\u00ed\u017ee). Z diskuz\u00ed s \u010de\u0161tin\u00e1\u0159i se uk\u00e1zalo, \u017ee pr\u00e1v\u011b toto dlouhodob\u00e9 nastavov\u00e1n\u00ed c\u00edl\u016f \u010din\u00ed v literatu\u0159e obt\u00ed\u017e.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/drive.google.com\/drive\/folders\/1ybSuGVdFHMvTS_QCXcGylInSSTjlGB4O?usp=sharing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Chci k p\u0159\u00edprav\u00e1m!<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-421755d\" data-id=\"421755d\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fa29df8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"fa29df8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"950\" height=\"713\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/20220719_144906-1024x768.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-29\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/20220719_144906-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/20220719_144906-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/20220719_144906-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/20220719_144906-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/20220719_144906-2048x1536.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/20220719_144906-2000x1500.jpg 2000w\" sizes=\"100vw\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6ad1a15 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-stretched elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6ad1a15\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;stretch_section&quot;:&quot;section-stretched&quot;,&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-bd08070\" data-id=\"bd08070\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e5594b1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"e5594b1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"432\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/Snimek1-1-768x432.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-272\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/Snimek1-1-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/Snimek1-1-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/Snimek1-1-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/Snimek1-1.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"100vw\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Vyberte si oblast a z\u00edskejte k&nbsp;n\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpravy sylab\u016f a jednotliv\u00fdch hodin: Syntax Morfologie V\u00fdvoj jazyka a slovotvorba Pr\u00e1ce s textem \u010cten\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 d\u00edlny Psan\u00ed Literatura Ka\u017ed\u00e1 oblast je uvedena kr\u00e1tk\u00fdm odstavcem o tom, jak se orientovat ve slo\u017ek\u00e1ch s&nbsp;p\u0159\u00edpravami a z&nbsp;\u010deho jsem p\u0159i dlouhodob\u011bj\u0161\u00edm pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed vych\u00e1zel. Syntax Nejevidentn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed c\u00edl v\u00fduky syntaxe je syntaktick\u00fd pravopis: psan\u00ed \u010d\u00e1rek &hellip; <\/p>\n<p class=\"link-more\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/?page_id=101\" class=\"more-link\">Read more<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &#8222;Sylaby a pl\u00e1ny lekc\u00ed&#8220;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-101","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/101","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=101"}],"version-history":[{"count":49,"href":"https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/101\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":416,"href":"https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/101\/revisions\/416"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=101"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}