{"id":2,"date":"2022-04-27T10:04:36","date_gmt":"2022-04-27T10:04:36","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/localhost\/wordpress\/?page_id=2"},"modified":"2023-10-26T07:49:24","modified_gmt":"2023-10-26T07:49:24","slug":"sample-page","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/?page_id=2","title":{"rendered":"V\u00fdchodiska explicitn\u00ed v\u00fduky"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"2\" class=\"elementor elementor-2\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-427c02e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"427c02e\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5b55766\" data-id=\"5b55766\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c39fa43 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c39fa43\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.23.0 - 05-08-2024 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#69727d;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#69727d;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<p>Zde shrnuji n\u011bkolik op\u011brn\u00fdch bod\u016f pro explicitn\u00ed v\u00fduku. Je jich pochopiteln\u011b v\u00edce a detailn\u011bji jsou dob\u0159e pops\u00e1ny v\u00a0literatu\u0159e uveden\u00e9 n\u00ed\u017ee. Na t\u00e9to str\u00e1nce najdete:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li>popis v\u00fdchodisek explicitn\u00ed v\u00fduky<\/li>\n<li>vysv\u011btlenou strukturu explicitn\u011b postaven\u00e9 hodiny<\/li>\n<li>videouk\u00e1zku<\/li>\n<li>seznam doporu\u010den\u00e9 literatury\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-082f3b1 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"082f3b1\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-be7066e\" data-id=\"be7066e\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5905433 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5905433\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3><strong>Kdy\u017e u\u010d\u00edme v\u011bdomosti, u\u010d\u00edme kompetence\u00a0<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>\u201eZnalosti jsou dovednosti,\u201c cituje Daisy Christoudoulov\u00e1 E. D. Hirsche (Sedm m\u00fdt\u016f o vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed, s. 61) a odkazuje k\u00a0Danielu Willinghamovi: \u201eKdy\u017e se nau\u010d\u00edme kriticky p\u0159em\u00fd\u0161let o za\u010d\u00e1tku druh\u00e9 sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lky, neznamen\u00e1 to, \u017ee dok\u00e1\u017eeme kriticky p\u0159em\u00fd\u0161let i o \u0161achov\u00e9 partii nebo o sou\u010dasn\u00e9 situaci na Bl\u00edzk\u00e9m v\u00fdchod\u011b [\u2026]. Procesy kritick\u00e9ho my\u0161len\u00ed jsou v\u00e1z\u00e1ny na vstupn\u00ed znalosti\u201c (tamt\u00e9\u017e, s. 59). Dovednosti funguj\u00ed podle Christodoulov\u00e9 \u201ena z\u00e1klad\u011b rozs\u00e1hl\u00fdch soubor\u016f znalost\u00ed bezpe\u010dn\u011b ulo\u017een\u00fdch do pam\u011bti\u201c (tamt\u00e9\u017e, s. 11). C\u00edlem v\u00fduky tedy je zapsat kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 znalosti do dlouhodob\u00e9 pam\u011bti, ze kter\u00e9 je budou moci d\u011bti rychle vyvol\u00e1vat v\u00a0pot\u0159ebn\u00fdch situac\u00edch.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-d8c746d\" data-id=\"d8c746d\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5833236 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"5833236\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.23.0 - 05-08-2024 *\/\n.elementor-widget-image{text-align:center}.elementor-widget-image a{display:inline-block}.elementor-widget-image a img[src$=\".svg\"]{width:48px}.elementor-widget-image img{vertical-align:middle;display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/DSCF6576-683x1024.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-251\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/DSCF6576-683x1024.jpg 683w, https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/DSCF6576-200x300.jpg 200w, https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/DSCF6576-768x1152.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/DSCF6576-1024x1536.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/DSCF6576-1365x2048.jpg 1365w, https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/DSCF6576-2000x3000.jpg 2000w, https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/DSCF6576-scaled.jpg 1707w\" sizes=\"100vw\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b6459ca elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"b6459ca\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-14c9d59\" data-id=\"14c9d59\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b79323d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b79323d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Co z toho vypl\u00fdv\u00e1 pro explicitn\u00ed praxi:<\/strong> Explicitn\u00ed v\u00fduka buduje dovednosti na znalostech. Ka\u017ed\u00e1 hodina m\u00e1 dop\u0159edu jasn\u011b nadefinovan\u00e9, kter\u00e9 znalosti se ka\u017ed\u00e9 d\u00edt\u011b nau\u010d\u00ed. Hodina je strukturovan\u00e1 tak, aby d\u011bti maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed mno\u017estv\u00ed \u010dasu aktivn\u011b zam\u011b\u0159ovaly pozornost na prob\u00edranou l\u00e1tku. D\u00edky tomu, \u017ee d\u011bti v\u00a0hodin\u00e1ch p\u0159em\u00fd\u0161l\u00ed nad kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdmi znalostmi, si tyto v\u011bdomosti zapisuj\u00ed do dlouhodob\u00e9 pam\u011bti, proto\u017ee d\u011bti si zapamatov\u00e1vaj\u00ed to, na co mysl\u00ed.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-179108e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"179108e\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7f77a9b\" data-id=\"7f77a9b\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bf55ce9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"bf55ce9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3><strong>V\u011bdom\u00e1 pr\u00e1ce s&nbsp;kognitivn\u00ed z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e\u00ed<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Ka\u017ed\u00fd z&nbsp;n\u00e1s v\u00ed, kolik je 6 x 8. S&nbsp;trochou vyp\u011bt\u00ed dok\u00e1\u017ee v\u011bt\u0161ina z&nbsp;n\u00e1s z&nbsp;hlavy spo\u010d\u00edtat, kolik je 6 x 18. M\u00e1lokdo dok\u00e1\u017ee bez tu\u017eky a pap\u00edru vypo\u010d\u00edtat 16 x 18. Pro\u010d?<\/p>\n<p>Kdy\u017e po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1me 6 x 18, prob\u00edh\u00e1 n\u00e1m v&nbsp;hlav\u011b tento nebo obdobn\u00fd proces:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>6 x 18 = ?<\/li>\n<li>60 + 6 x 18 = ?<\/li>\n<li>60 + 48 = ?<\/li>\n<li>6 x 18 = 108<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>M\u00edsto, kde se tento proces v&nbsp;mozku odehr\u00e1v\u00e1, se naz\u00fdv\u00e1 pracovn\u00ed pam\u011b\u0165. Jej\u00ed kapacita je omezen\u00e1 \u2013 obvykle v&nbsp;n\u00ed nezvl\u00e1dneme dr\u017eet v\u00edce ne\u017e 5 informac\u00ed najednou. Proto n\u00e1s v\u00fdpo\u010det 6 x 18 stoj\u00ed ment\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00fasil\u00ed a proto nedok\u00e1\u017eeme bez psan\u00ed vypo\u010d\u00edtat 16 x 18 \u2013 v\u00fdpo\u010det vy\u017eaduje p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 mnoho informac\u00ed k&nbsp;zapamatov\u00e1n\u00ed nar\u00e1z.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-daaed5a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"daaed5a\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-25 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2321e88\" data-id=\"2321e88\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5c28651 elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon\" data-id=\"5c28651\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon\">\n\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-quote-left\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-ceafee6\" data-id=\"ceafee6\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3a7b0f7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3a7b0f7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Ka\u017ed\u00fd \u017e\u00e1k mus\u00ed vstupovat do hodiny s\u00a0v\u011bdom\u00edm toho, \u017ee ovl\u00e1d\u00e1 znalosti a schopnosti pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 k\u00a0tomu, aby zvl\u00e1dl novou l\u00e1tku. D\u00edky tomu m\u016f\u017ee p\u0159em\u00fd\u0161len\u00ed o vstupn\u00edch znalostech pustit z\u00a0hlavy (rozum\u011bjme z\u00a0pracovn\u00ed pam\u011bti) a soust\u0159edit se na c\u00edlov\u00e9 u\u010divo.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-25 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-904ca6f\" data-id=\"904ca6f\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-963b2fd elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon\" data-id=\"963b2fd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon\">\n\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-quote-right\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-8747d90 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"8747d90\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f4c1f6c\" data-id=\"f4c1f6c\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7851ce3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7851ce3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Pokud \u017e\u00e1k\u016fm na\u0161e v\u00fduka zabere p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 mnoho m\u00edsta v\u00a0pracovn\u00ed pam\u011bti, dojde ke kognitivn\u00edmu p\u0159et\u00ed\u017een\u00ed. Tehdy se d\u011bti z\u00a0hodiny odpojuj\u00ed a \u0159\u00edkaj\u00ed v\u011bci jako \u201ej\u00e1 to nech\u00e1pu\u201c, \u201enebav\u00ed m\u011b to\u201c, \u201epro\u010d se tohle mus\u00edm u\u010dit?\u201c Proto Dylan William \u0159\u00edk\u00e1, \u017ee teorie kognitivn\u00ed z\u00e1t\u011b\u017ee je ta \u201ejedin\u00e1 a nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed v\u011bc\u201c, kterou by m\u011bli u\u010ditel\u00e9 zn\u00e1t (Co funguje ve t\u0159\u00edd\u011b s. 122). Hodiny je t\u0159eba pl\u00e1novat jednak s\u00a0v\u011bdom\u00edm toho, na co budou \u017e\u00e1ci b\u011bhem hodiny myslet, jednak s\u00a0ohledem na mno\u017estv\u00ed podn\u011bt\u016f, kter\u00e9 p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed k\u00a0\u017e\u00e1k\u016fm najednou, aby nedoch\u00e1zelo ke kognitivn\u00edmu p\u0159et\u00ed\u017een\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Co z toho vypl\u00fdv\u00e1 pro explicitn\u00ed praxi:<\/strong> V\u00a0\u00favodu hodiny je pot\u0159eba nechat d\u011bti za\u017e\u00edt \u00fasp\u011bch m\u00ed\u0159\u00edc\u00ed na c\u00edlovou l\u00e1tku. Ka\u017ed\u00fd \u017e\u00e1k mus\u00ed vstupovat do hodiny s\u00a0v\u011bdom\u00edm toho, \u017ee ovl\u00e1d\u00e1 znalosti a schopnosti pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 k\u00a0tomu, aby zvl\u00e1dl novou l\u00e1tku. D\u00edky tomu m\u016f\u017ee p\u0159em\u00fd\u0161len\u00ed o vstupn\u00edch znalostech pustit z\u00a0hlavy (rozum\u011bjme z\u00a0pracovn\u00ed pam\u011bti) a soust\u0159edit se na c\u00edlov\u00e9 u\u010divo. Nov\u00e9 informace pak explicitn\u00ed v\u00fduka p\u0159edkl\u00e1d\u00e1 po mal\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1stech a ka\u017edou novou informaci nech\u00e1 \u017e\u00e1ky okam\u017eit\u011b vyu\u017e\u00edt, za\u017e\u00edt a ukotvit. Toto postupn\u00e9 budov\u00e1n\u00ed kroku po kroku dr\u017e\u00ed u \u017e\u00e1k\u016f pocit, \u017ee u\u010divo zvl\u00e1daj\u00ed, a t\u00edm nedoch\u00e1z\u00ed ke kognitivn\u00edmu p\u0159et\u00ed\u017een\u00ed. Explicitn\u00ed v\u00fduka tak\u00e9 redukuje v\u0161echny aspekty, kter\u00e9 p\u0159i hodin\u011b zat\u011b\u017euj\u00ed pracovn\u00ed pam\u011b\u0165. Vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 p\u0159itom p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm rutiny: ka\u017ed\u00e1 hodina m\u00e1 nap\u0159\u00edklad stejnou strukturu, tak\u017ee \u017e\u00e1ci nemus\u00ed vynakl\u00e1dat \u00fasil\u00ed na to, aby poslouchali instrukce nebo uva\u017eovali nad t\u00edm, co bude n\u00e1sledovat, \u010d\u00edm\u017e se \u0161et\u0159\u00ed kapacita jejich pracovn\u00ed pam\u011bti na c\u00edlov\u00e9 u\u010divo.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-9f7c650 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"9f7c650\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-eb395c1\" data-id=\"eb395c1\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-226e31f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"226e31f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3><strong>Ka\u017ed\u00e9 d\u00edt\u011b non-stop na palub\u011b\u00a0<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Pokud jsou znalosti kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 k\u00a0osvojen\u00ed kompetenc\u00ed, m\u011bly by b\u00fdt p\u0159\u00edstupn\u00e9 pro v\u0161echny \u017e\u00e1ky. Ka\u017ed\u00e9 d\u00edt\u011b tedy mus\u00ed b\u00fdt aktivn\u011b zapojen\u00e9 do v\u00fduky a u\u010ditel v\u00a0ka\u017ed\u00e9 chv\u00edli v\u00ed, jak ka\u017ed\u00e9 d\u00edt\u011b ve t\u0159\u00edd\u011b danou l\u00e1tku v\u00a0dan\u00fd okam\u017eik zvl\u00e1d\u00e1. D\u00edky tomu m\u016f\u017ee poskytnout efektivn\u00ed zp\u011btnou vazbu. Kl\u00ed\u010dem k\u00a0zapojen\u00ed v\u0161ech \u017e\u00e1k\u016f je to, \u017ee si b\u011bhem hodiny konstantn\u011b ka\u017ed\u00e9 d\u00edt\u011b za\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 \u00fasp\u011bch. D\u011bti maj\u00ed pocit, \u017ee se b\u011bhem hodiny u\u010d\u00ed a \u017ee l\u00e1tku dok\u00e1\u017e\u00ed zvl\u00e1dnout.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a86719b\" data-id=\"a86719b\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3551d1c elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"3551d1c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"950\" height=\"634\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/DSCF6592-1024x683.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-252\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/DSCF6592-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/DSCF6592-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/DSCF6592-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/DSCF6592-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/DSCF6592-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/DSCF6592-2000x1333.jpg 2000w\" sizes=\"100vw\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-8f43e47 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"8f43e47\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2d1d1fb\" data-id=\"2d1d1fb\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f51d58c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f51d58c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Co z toho vypl\u00fdv\u00e1 pro explicitn\u00ed praxi:<\/strong> V\u00fdstupy z\u00a0RVP \u010di jin\u00e9 dlouhodob\u00e9 c\u00edle jsou rozpracovan\u00e9 do men\u0161\u00edch krok\u016f, kter\u00e9 mus\u00ed zvl\u00e1dnout v\u0161ichni \u017e\u00e1ci. C\u00edle hodiny jsou formulovan\u00e9 tak, aby vedly k\u00a0napln\u011bn\u00ed nezbytn\u00fdch krok\u016f. U\u010ditel nepokra\u010duje d\u00e1le v\u00a0l\u00e1tce (jak v\u00a0r\u00e1mci hodiny, tak v\u00a0r\u00e1mci dlouhodob\u011bj\u0161\u00edho procesu), dokud ka\u017ed\u00fd \u017e\u00e1k nezvl\u00e1dne p\u0159edchoz\u00ed krok. Od u\u010ditele to vy\u017eaduje, aby m\u011bl neust\u00e1le p\u0159ehled o tom, kde se v\u0161ichni jeho \u017e\u00e1ci nach\u00e1zej\u00ed v\u00a0procesu a na co p\u0159i u\u010den\u00ed mysl\u00ed.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-aee5854 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"aee5854\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4daae22\" data-id=\"4daae22\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36450fd elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"36450fd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h1><strong>Struktura explicitn\u00ed hodiny <\/strong><\/h1>\n<p>Stru\u010dn\u00fd a v\u00fdsti\u017en\u00fd popis explicitn\u011b stav\u011bn\u00e9 lekce poskytuje <a href=\"https:\/\/otevreno.org\/autor\/pavel-bobek\/page\/2\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">blog Pavla Bobka<\/a>, kter\u00fd doporu\u010duji pro dal\u0161\u00ed \u010dten\u00ed. Zde shrnu jednotliv\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti, aby byla pochopiteln\u00e1 struktura pl\u00e1n\u016f lekc\u00ed.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a13e5e0 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a13e5e0\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-25 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-202b753\" data-id=\"202b753\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-056f3a3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"056f3a3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3><strong>P\u0159ed hodinou<\/strong><\/h3><p>Z\u00e1sadn\u00ed je za\u010d\u00edt jasn\u011b stanoven\u00fdm c\u00edlem dosa\u017eiteln\u00fdm pro ka\u017ed\u00e9ho \u017e\u00e1ka. C\u00edl lekce navazuje na p\u0159edchoz\u00ed znalosti a je stavebn\u00edm kamenem dovednosti. V\u00edce o za\u010d\u00e1tc\u00edch hodin naleznete i v <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/?p=359\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">tematick\u00e9m blogov\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvku<\/a>.<\/p><p><i>P\u0159\u00edklad: Pokud chci d\u011bti nau\u010dit ps\u00e1t i\/y ve shod\u011b podm\u011btu s\u00a0p\u0159\u00edsudkem, mus\u00edm je nau\u010dit poznat podm\u011bt a p\u0159\u00edsudek. To m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt postupn\u011b c\u00edlem m\u00fdch lekc\u00ed. Krom\u011b c\u00edle si mus\u00edm uv\u011bdomit, co v\u0161echno mus\u00ed \u017e\u00e1ci um\u011bt, aby dok\u00e1zali podm\u011bt a p\u0159\u00edsudek ve v\u011bt\u011b poznat (mus\u00ed um\u011bt poznat sloveso, mus\u00ed um\u011bt p\u00e1dov\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky apod.).<\/i><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-25 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e4971ec\" data-id=\"e4971ec\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2add114 elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon\" data-id=\"2add114\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon\">\n\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-arrow-alt-circle-right\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-25 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8df19c9\" data-id=\"8df19c9\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36fe035 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"36fe035\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3><strong>Otv\u00edr\u00e1k <\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>\u00davod hodiny aktivuje u ka\u017ed\u00e9ho \u017e\u00e1ka p\u0159edchoz\u00ed znalosti pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 k zvl\u00e1dnut\u00ed u\u010diva z c\u00edle hodiny. M\u016f\u017ee j\u00edt o opakov\u00e1n\u00ed z p\u0159edchoz\u00ed hodiny. Pro \u017e\u00e1ka je podstatn\u00e9, aby si v t\u00e9to f\u00e1zi hodiny za\u017eil \u00fasp\u011bch: t\u00edm se jednak zbav\u00ed stresu, \u017ee novou l\u00e1tku nezvl\u00e1dne, jednak je sp\u00ed\u0161e motivov\u00e1n k u\u010den\u00ed. Pro u\u010ditele je podstatn\u00e9 v\u011bd\u011bt, \u017ee maj\u00ed v\u0161ichni \u017e\u00e1ci dostate\u010dn\u00e9 vstupn\u00ed znalosti.<\/p>\n<p><em>P\u0159\u00edklad: Pokud chci \u017e\u00e1ky u\u010dit poznat podm\u011bt, ov\u011b\u0159\u00edm si, \u017ee ka\u017ed\u00fd um\u00ed nominativ a rozpozn\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edsudek. K\u00a0tomu vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 explicitn\u00ed v\u00fduka mazac\u00ed tabulky, na kter\u00e9 \u017e\u00e1ci p\u00ed\u0161\u00ed, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b ukazov\u00e1n\u00ed na prstech.<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-25 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4b39b0f\" data-id=\"4b39b0f\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-854d730 elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon\" data-id=\"854d730\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon\">\n\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-arrow-alt-circle-right\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-9b71afe elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"9b71afe\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-25 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-cec4c99\" data-id=\"cec4c99\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-da166f1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"da166f1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3><strong>J\u00c1<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Jde o f\u00e1zi v\u00fdkladu. U\u010ditel stru\u010dn\u011b a s\u00a0pomoc\u00ed p\u0159\u00edklad\u016f a ne-p\u0159\u00edklad\u016f vysv\u011btl\u00ed u\u010divo, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e krok po kroku modeluje aktivitu, kterou potom budou \u017e\u00e1ci prov\u00e1d\u011bt samostatn\u011b.<\/p>\n<p><em>P\u0159\u00edklad: Ukazuji na n\u011bkolika p\u0159\u00edkladech v\u011bt \u017e\u00e1k\u016fm, jak j\u00e1 s\u00e1m pozn\u00e1m podm\u011bt:<\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>Najdu si ve v\u011bt\u011b p\u0159\u00edsudek<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>Zept\u00e1m se pomoc\u00ed ot\u00e1zky kdo\/co a p\u0159\u00edsudku<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>Odpov\u011b\u010f na tuto ot\u00e1zku je podm\u011bt<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-25 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f58cadc\" data-id=\"f58cadc\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-953e297 elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon\" data-id=\"953e297\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon\">\n\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-arrow-alt-circle-right\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-25 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4bb97e5\" data-id=\"4bb97e5\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-25d7fdf elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"25d7fdf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3><strong>MY<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>\u017d\u00e1ci dostanou n\u011bkolik p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost\u00ed procvi\u010dit si u\u010divo. V\u00a0t\u00e9to f\u00e1zi pracuje u\u010ditel s\u00a0celou t\u0159\u00eddu nar\u00e1z. Je to p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost d\u00e1t zp\u011btnou vazbu a ujistit se, \u017ee jsou \u017e\u00e1ci p\u0159ipraveni procvi\u010dovat l\u00e1tku samostatn\u011b. Pokud je v\u00edce ne\u017e 80% t\u0159\u00eddy p\u0159ipraveno pokra\u010dovat, m\u016f\u017ee j\u00edt u\u010ditel d\u00e1l (s n\u011bkolika studenty m\u016f\u017ee b\u011bhem dal\u0161\u00ed f\u00e1ze pracovat individu\u00e1ln\u011b), v\u00a0opa\u010dn\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b opakuje f\u00e1zi \u201eJ\u00c1\u201c.<\/p>\n<p><em>P\u0159\u00edklad: U\u010ditel prom\u00edtne na tabuli postupn\u011b n\u011bkolik v\u011bt a ka\u017ed\u00fd \u017e\u00e1k na mazac\u00ed tabulku nap\u00ed\u0161e podm\u011bt dan\u00e9 v\u011bty. U\u010ditel pak pomoc\u00ed d\u0159\u00edvek vyvol\u00e1 n\u011bkolik \u017e\u00e1k\u016f a zept\u00e1 se jich, jak\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem postupovali.<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-25 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a1c0a39\" data-id=\"a1c0a39\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9a32083 elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon\" data-id=\"9a32083\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon\">\n\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-arrow-alt-circle-right\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-4efaa58 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"4efaa58\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4df0514\" data-id=\"4df0514\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0aa0761 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0aa0761\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3>VY<\/h3>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\u017d\u00e1ci samostatn\u011b procvi\u010duj\u00ed kl\u00ed\u010dovou l\u00e1tku. Doporu\u010duji d\u00e1vat d\u011btem odstup\u0148ovan\u00e9 \u00falohy, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e ka\u017ed\u00fd jednotliv\u00fd \u00fakol by m\u011bl b\u00fdt rychle zvl\u00e1dnuteln\u00fd. To dovoluje d\u011btem za\u017e\u00edvat si \u00fasp\u011bch a motivuje je j\u00edt d\u00e1l. \u017d\u00e1ci si cvi\u010den\u00ed kontroluj\u00ed pomoc\u00ed kl\u00ed\u010de, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b lze vyu\u017e\u00edt asistenta pedagoga.<\/p>\n<p><em>P\u0159\u00edklad: \u017d\u00e1ci maj\u00ed uprost\u0159ed t\u0159\u00eddy \u010dty\u0159i cvi\u010den\u00ed na ur\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed podm\u011btu. Cvi\u010den\u00ed jsou ozna\u010den\u00e1 podle \u00farovn\u00ed (nap\u0159\u00edklad \u201eza\u010d\u00edn\u00e1m\u201c, \u201eu\u017e jedu\u201c, \u201eprof\u00edk\u201c, \u201eexpert\u201c). \u017d\u00e1ci si postupn\u011b berou cvi\u010den\u00ed podle \u00farovn\u011b, na kterou se c\u00edt\u00ed. V\u00a0\u201eza\u010d\u00edn\u00e1m\u201c budou jednoduch\u00e9 v\u011bty s\u00a0podstatn\u00fdm jm\u00e9nem nebo z\u00e1jmenem v\u00a0podm\u011btu. V \u201eu\u017e jedu\u201c budou slo\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed v\u011bty. V \u201eprof\u00edkovi\u201c budou mimo jin\u00e9 i n\u011bkolikan\u00e1sobn\u00e9 podm\u011bty. V \u201eexpertovi\u201c budou krom\u011b n\u011bkolikan\u00e1sobn\u00fdch podm\u011bt\u016f i podm\u011bty vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00e9 infinitivem, \u010d\u00edslovkou apod.<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-740f286\" data-id=\"740f286\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6118243 elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon\" data-id=\"6118243\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon\">\n\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-arrow-alt-circle-right\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-befc595\" data-id=\"befc595\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ff2bae4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ff2bae4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3>PROPUSTKA<\/h3>\n<p>Na konci hodiny rozd\u00e1 u\u010ditel ka\u017ed\u00e9mu pr\u00e1zdn\u00fd kousek pap\u00edru a na tabuli zad\u00e1 kr\u00e1tkou ot\u00e1zku, pomoc\u00ed kter\u00e9 ov\u011b\u0159\u00ed napln\u011bn\u00ed c\u00edle hodiny. D\u00edky tomu z\u00edsk\u00e1 zpr\u00e1vu o tom, zda m\u016f\u017ee j\u00edt v\u00a0p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00ed hodin\u011b d\u00e1l, nebo jestli je t\u0159eba u l\u00e1tky je\u0161t\u011b setrvat. Propustka by m\u011bla zabrat co nejm\u00e9n\u011b \u010dasu a z\u00e1rove\u0148 ov\u011b\u0159it, \u017ee si \u017e\u00e1ci neukotvili n\u011bjak\u00fd miskoncept.<\/p>\n<p><em>P\u0159\u00edklad: U\u010ditel prom\u00edtne na tabuli v\u011btu \u201eKladen\u0161t\u00ed Ryt\u00ed\u0159i vyhr\u00e1li v\u0161echny z\u00e1pasy.\u201c \u017d\u00e1ci p\u00ed\u0161\u00ed na pap\u00edrek, zda je podm\u011btem v\u011bty a) Kladen\u0161t\u00ed Ryt\u00ed\u0159i, b) Ryt\u00ed\u0159i, c) z\u00e1pasy, nebo d) v\u0161echny z\u00e1pasy.<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-8f3de28 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"8f3de28\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-26cc8ba\" data-id=\"26cc8ba\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-78ab09a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"78ab09a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h1><strong>Videouk\u00e1zka<\/strong><\/h1>\n<p>Na videouk\u00e1zce pracuji, prozat\u00edm nab\u00edz\u00edm uk\u00e1zku explicitn\u011b veden\u00e9 online lekce v\u00a0r\u00e1mci m\u00e9ho webin\u00e1\u0159e pro \u010cesko Digital.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9430216 elementor-widget elementor-widget-video\" data-id=\"9430216\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;youtube_url&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/www.youtube.com\\\/watch?v=pFSF0NTXVJc&quot;,&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;youtube&quot;,&quot;controls&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"video.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.23.0 - 05-08-2024 *\/\n.elementor-widget-video .elementor-widget-container{overflow:hidden;transform:translateZ(0)}.elementor-widget-video .elementor-wrapper{aspect-ratio:var(--video-aspect-ratio)}.elementor-widget-video .elementor-wrapper iframe,.elementor-widget-video .elementor-wrapper video{height:100%;width:100%;display:flex;border:none;background-color:#000}@supports not (aspect-ratio:1\/1){.elementor-widget-video .elementor-wrapper{position:relative;overflow:hidden;height:0;padding-bottom:calc(100% \/ var(--video-aspect-ratio))}.elementor-widget-video .elementor-wrapper iframe,.elementor-widget-video .elementor-wrapper video{position:absolute;top:0;right:0;bottom:0;left:0}}.elementor-widget-video .elementor-open-inline .elementor-custom-embed-image-overlay{position:absolute;top:0;right:0;bottom:0;left:0;background-size:cover;background-position:50%}.elementor-widget-video .elementor-custom-embed-image-overlay{cursor:pointer;text-align:center}.elementor-widget-video .elementor-custom-embed-image-overlay:hover .elementor-custom-embed-play i{opacity:1}.elementor-widget-video .elementor-custom-embed-image-overlay img{display:block;width:100%;aspect-ratio:var(--video-aspect-ratio);-o-object-fit:cover;object-fit:cover;-o-object-position:center center;object-position:center center}@supports not (aspect-ratio:1\/1){.elementor-widget-video .elementor-custom-embed-image-overlay{position:relative;overflow:hidden;height:0;padding-bottom:calc(100% \/ var(--video-aspect-ratio))}.elementor-widget-video .elementor-custom-embed-image-overlay img{position:absolute;top:0;right:0;bottom:0;left:0}}.elementor-widget-video .e-hosted-video .elementor-video{-o-object-fit:cover;object-fit:cover}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-video,.e-con>.elementor-widget-video{width:var(--container-widget-width);--flex-grow:var(--container-widget-flex-grow)}<\/style>\t\t<div class=\"elementor-wrapper elementor-open-inline\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-video\"><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-86ade5a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"86ade5a\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-9d671ab\" data-id=\"9d671ab\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f841070 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f841070\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h1>\u00a0<\/h1>\n<h1>Dal\u0161\u00ed \u010dten\u00ed<\/h1>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3e2c1a4 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3e2c1a4\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-989a50b\" data-id=\"989a50b\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-78db916 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"78db916\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3>Explicitn\u00ed v\u00fduka<\/h3>\n<p>blog Pavla Bobka na webu Otev\u0159ena<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/otevreno.org\/autor\/pavel-bobek\/page\/2\/\">https:\/\/otevreno.org\/autor\/pavel-bobek\/page\/2\/<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-de4f54f\" data-id=\"de4f54f\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-76c5f36 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"76c5f36\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3>Co funguje ve t\u0159\u00edd\u011b?\u00a0 \u00a0 Most mezi v\u00fdzkumem a prax\u00ed<\/h3>\n<p>Carl Hendrick a Robin Macpherson<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.vnasitride.cz\/\">https:\/\/www.vnasitride.cz\/<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7d1cea7\" data-id=\"7d1cea7\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1c5d7e5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1c5d7e5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3>Zav\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed formativn\u00edho hodnocen\u00ed<\/h3>\n<p>Dylan William a Siobh\u00e1n Leahy<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/formativnihodnoceni.cz\/\">https:\/\/formativnihodnoceni.cz\/<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c69b11f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c69b11f\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2a90796\" data-id=\"2a90796\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7189c52 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7189c52\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3>Sedm m\u00fdt\u016f o vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed<\/h3>\n<p>Daisy&nbsp;<span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; font-weight: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-weight );\">Christodoulou<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><a href=\"http:\/\/www.sedmmytu.cz\/\" style=\"font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; font-weight: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-weight ); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-size: 16px;\">http:\/\/www.sedmmytu.cz\/<\/a><\/h3>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8f3d2dd\" data-id=\"8f3d2dd\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-276091d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"276091d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3>Responzivn\u00ed v\u00fduka: Kognitivn\u00ed v\u011bdy a formativn\u00ed hodnocen\u00ed v\u00a0praxi<\/h3>\n<p>Harry Fletcher-Wood<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.responzivnivyuka.cz\/\">https:\/\/www.responzivnivyuka.cz\/<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-bb80528\" data-id=\"bb80528\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3a9a909 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3a9a909\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3>Why Don&#8217;t Students Like Schools?<\/h3>\n<p>Daniel Willingham<\/p>\n<p>(\u010desky v edi\u010dn\u00edm pl\u00e1nu nakladatelstv\u00ed PublishED na rok 2023)<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Zde shrnuji n\u011bkolik op\u011brn\u00fdch bod\u016f pro explicitn\u00ed v\u00fduku. Je jich pochopiteln\u011b v\u00edce a detailn\u011bji jsou dob\u0159e pops\u00e1ny v\u00a0literatu\u0159e uveden\u00e9 n\u00ed\u017ee. Na t\u00e9to str\u00e1nce najdete: popis v\u00fdchodisek explicitn\u00ed v\u00fduky vysv\u011btlenou strukturu explicitn\u011b postaven\u00e9 hodiny videouk\u00e1zku seznam doporu\u010den\u00e9 literatury\u00a0 Kdy\u017e u\u010d\u00edme v\u011bdomosti, u\u010d\u00edme kompetence\u00a0 \u201eZnalosti jsou dovednosti,\u201c cituje Daisy Christoudoulov\u00e1 E. D. Hirsche (Sedm m\u00fdt\u016f o vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed, &hellip; <\/p>\n<p class=\"link-more\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/?page_id=2\" class=\"more-link\">Read more<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &#8222;V\u00fdchodiska explicitn\u00ed v\u00fduky&#8220;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2"}],"version-history":[{"count":20,"href":"https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":367,"href":"https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2\/revisions\/367"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cestinaexplicitne.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}